Syphilis: A Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment

Syphilis has re-emerged as an important cause of morbidity, mortality and a possible transmission factor in the spread of HIV infection. The control of syphilis requires early identification and treatment of cases. Here the diagnostic tests are reviewed and discussed, including when to think of lumbar puncture for the examination of neurosyphilis. The British, European and American guidelines for treatment at each stage are compared; with efficacy and side effect profile of regimens considered and advice on management of complications. Stemming the spread of infection requires increased education, early diagnosis and prompt notification of partners.